Wednesday, August 3, 2011

The Feudal

Thakur is not a caste or religion,various  terms for Jagirdaar, zamindar were and are used in various provinces. For example, a zamindar is known as a Wadera in Sindh and as a Thakur in Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya pradesh, Himachal pradesh, Haryana, Uttrakhand, Chhatisgarh and Bihar. In the Punjab and Haryana, there are multiple variations, such as Chaudhary (which often became lambardar or zaildaar during the British Empire's occupation of North India), Sardar and Malik (an Arabic term which literally means "King"). The word zamindar is derived ultimately from the Persian زمین Zamīn, "earth/land", and the common suffix دار -dār, "-holder" (also found in many of the terms above).The term means, in Persian, 'land owner.Even 'Jagir is a Persian word consisting of Ja (جا) "place" + gir (گیر) "holder.


 Thakur is an identity and the word is placed before name by the rich peoples in the villages like landlords, having high control on the village peoples in terms of doing justice for their own society. They are Kshtriya and claim to be descendants from good kshtriya family.
The feudal form of land ownership and transfer is referred to as the Jagirdar system. It was established in the 13th century by the sultans of Delhi. The net result of this system was to weaken the central government as the land ownership became hereditary. The Jagirdar system was periodically abolished, then resumed. It was last abolished by the government in 1951.If the grant was of a whole village, it was generally referred to as 'jagir'.Jagir was the estate given  to anyone to take care and the revenue being collected and forces kept ready to serve for the king of that kingdom .


Jagirdar or  Thakur (also ThakkarThakhorThakirThakrar or Tukhar) is an Indian feudal title in several Indian languages for the estateholder was an aristocrat, typically hereditary, who held enormous tracts of land and ruled over and taxed the peasants who lived on it .The grantee of the jagir, called a jagirdar, was in effect the ruler of that region and substantial income that was earned (taxes, etc.) from this region went to the owner to maintain his family and his troops. The jagirdar would live at court in capital, keeping up his rank and appearing twice a day before the emperor; consequently the jagirdar preferred to receive his share of the dues from the estates in coin rather than in kind.


 A Thikana is the state or more often estate of a Thakur. A Thakurani is the wife of a Thakur. The big Jamindars of old times used Thakur as their title . In fact, princely titles were even awarded to holders of domains mainly jagirs and even zamindars , which were not states at all. Various sources give significantly different numbers of states and domains of the various types. Even in general, the definition of titles and domains are clearly not well-established. 
Kanwar is the courtesy title given to the eldest son of the jagirdar while Kawarani is the courtesy title for wife of Kanwar.Thakar Sahibs ('Sir Lord') was loftier, and indeed used till their accession to independent India .